ABSTRACT

Though music curricula have been revised at intervals in Korea, the so-called ‘our music’ remains one of the controversial issues relating to the school music reform. The term causes conceptional imprecision and educational confusion when teachers use the terms ’our music’ and Gugak interchangeably. This study investigates the transition of meaning of Gugak in historical context to examine its propriety in school music. According to investigation, Gugak does not indicate ‘our music’ precisely and does not show how to inspire the Korean national spirits. Futhermore, it is uncertain what ‘our music’ stands for exactly. In conclusion, the researcher makes a suggestion that students should independently determine their music in perspective of future-oriented competency.

Keyword :

REFERENCES

1. Academy of Korean Studies (2022). Gugak. Encyclopedia for Korean Culture. Retrieved August 15, 2022, from https://terms.naver.com/
2. Alcott, W. A. (1858). Memoir of William C. Woodbridge. American Journal of Education, 5, 51-64.
3. Birge, E. B. (1939). History of public school music in the United States. Philadelphia: Oliver Ditson Company.
4. Book of Sui (656). Retrieved August 15, 2022, from https://ctext.org/library.pl?if=gb&res=5715
5. Choi, J. M., & An, S. H. (2015). The idea of music in Chosun with the name of Kukak. Toigyehaknonchong, 25, 189-214.
6. Choi, S. (1997). Ewha college's music education in the 1920s-1930s. The Music Research, 15(1), 211-246.
7. Daejeontongpyeon (大典通編) (1785). Retrieved August 15, 2022, from https://db.history.go.kr
8. Dahlhaus, C. (1996). Neues Handbuch der Musikwissenschaft, Band 6. Die Musik des 19. Jahrhunderts. Laaber: Laaber Verlag.
9. Dongailbo (1938). Oct. 1st; (1939). Nov. 25th. Retrieved August 15, 2022, from https://db.hi story.go.kr
10. Encyclopedia of Taiwan (2022). 國樂. Retrieved August 15, 2022, from https://nrch.culture.tw/
11. Hall, B. G. (1988). The American Education of Luther Whiting Mason. American Music, 6(1), 65-73. https://doi.org/10.2307/3448346 [Crossref]
12. Ham, H. (1936). Foundation of Joseon music. Jogwang, 2(12), 138-147.
13. Ham, H. (1941). Raising of national spirit through musical art. Samcheonli, 13(4), 53-55.
14. Han, H. (Trans.) (2021). Yegi Akgi. Seoul: Chaeksesang.
15. Hyegang (2002). Sungmuaeakron. Trans. Han, H. Seoul: Chaeksesang.
16. John, R. W. (1965). Origins of the first music educators convention. Journal of Research in Music Education, 13(4), 207-219. https://doi.org/10.2307/3344373 [Crossref]
17. Jorgensen, E. R. (1984). William channing Woodbridge's lecture 'on vocal music as a branch of common education' revisited. Studies in Music, 18(2), 1-27.
18. Ju, D. C. (2016). Changes of teaching contents in american school music education related to applying music to daily life. Korean Journal of Research in Music Education, 45(1), 93-118.
19. Ju, D. C. (2020). Philosophical foundations of music education in American compendiums for college students. Korean Journal of Research in Music Education, 49(4), 251-270. https://doi.org/10.30775/KMES.49.4.251 [Crossref]
20. Kim, J. (2008). Korean students studied at Japanese music institutions in modern era. Journal of the Society for Korean History Musicology, 41, 141-186.
21. Kim, S. (2012). A study on the terminologies of traditional music genres in modern period. Journal of the Society for Korean History Musicology, 49, 69-108.
22. Kwon, O. (2000). Truth and falsity of fusion Gugak. Reading Phenomena of Culture and Arts. Arts Council Korea. Retrieved August 15, 2022, from https://www.arko.or.kr/zine/artspaper2000_07/41.htm
23. Lee, S. J. (1995). Tendency of Korean traditional music group right after Korean liberation. Understanding National Music, 4, 101-131.
24. Lee, S. J. (2016). Culture: A study of Hwanghwamannunzigok. Onjinonchong, 46, 233-264.
25. Lee, S. J. (2019). Examining the activities of the royal music institute of the Yi household during the post-liberation era. Journal of the Society for Korean History Musicology, 63, 151-184.
26. Mark, M. L. (Ed.) (2008). Music education: Source readings from ancient Greece to today. New York: Loutledge.
27. Mark, M. L., & G ary, C. L. (1992). A history of American music education. New York: Schirmer.
28. Mason, L. (1836). Manual of the Boston academy of music for instruction in the elements of vocal music on the system of Pestalozzi (2nd ed.). Boston: J.H. Wilkins & R.B Carter.
29. National Assembly (1948). Stenographic Records, 1(115), 4-7. Retrieved August 15, 2022, from http://likms.assembly.go.kr/record/mhs-40-010.do#none
30. New Book of Tang (1060). Retrieved August 15, 2022, from https://ctext.org/wiki.pl?if=gb&res=182378
31. NIKH (National Institute of Korean History) (2002). Sinpyeon Koean history, 51(V). Retrieved August 15, 2022, from https://db.history.go.kr/
32. No, D. (1988). Output of national music, two prominent ranges. Series: Our culture, arts and music around Korean liberation. Arts Council Korea. Retrieved August 15, 2022, from https://www.arko.or.kr/zine/artspaper88_11/19881106.htm
33. No, D. (1993). ""I want to know it"" 2: Is the term 'Kuk-ak' Korean one or Japanese one? Music and Korea, 6, 110-117.
34. Ordinance of Education Ministry (1906). National institute of Korean history. Retrieved August 15, 2022, from https://db.history.go.kr/
35. Ryu, D., Choi, S., & Lee, S. (1996). Trends of Korean music in colonial and right after Korean liberation periods. Essays in Celebration of 50th Anniversary of Korean Liberation. Literature & Arts, 7, 195-256.
36. Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty. Sejosilrok(世祖實錄) (1457), vol. 9; Seongjongsilrok (成宗實錄) (1470), vol. 3; Sunjongsilrok(純宗實錄) (1907), vol. 1. Retrieved August 15, 2022, from https://sillok.history.go.kr/
37. Wikipedia (2022). 伊沢修二. Retrieved August 15, 2022, from https://ja.wikipedia.org/